Flat Belt Pulleys
Smooth belt pulleys are used in transmission systems that are driven by flat belts, typically high-speed, low-power applications in textiles, paper producing, and office machinery such as for example computer printers. Toned belts are also used for conveyors. In comparison to plied belts of equivalent horsepower, toned belts are thinner by 25% or even more, which allows toned belt pulleys to end up being smaller sized than V-belt pulleys. Toned belts are also less expensive than belts found in a serpentine belt pulley. One safety aspect is certainly that in overtorque scenarios, the belt can slide, preventing damage to equipment apart from the belt itself. Toned belts require toned pulleys and flat pulley idlers. They don’t necessarily require grooved smooth belt pulleys. A set pulley idler may also be used for the back side of a conventional V-belt. Flat belt travel pulleys apply motive capacity to the belt.
Features
Smooth belt pulleys and flat belt idler pulleys can have a molded crown, which really helps to middle the belt, prevents rubbing against the outside flanges, and provides support under the centre of the belt, where there is the most stress. The crown likewise keeps the belt on the flat belt pulley (belts have a tendency to move to the tightest position). In some cases, a flat belt drive carries a monitoring sleeve or other device for keeping the belt on the smooth pulley.
Specifications
Specifications for toned belt pulleys include:
· belt width
· outside diameter
· bore size
· hub diameter
· hub projection
Tension on a set belt is usually set by adjusting the distance between pulleys to stretch belts by a tiny amount, such as 2%.
Standards
Standards for toned belt pulleys will be maintained by the Worldwide Group for Standardization (ISO) Technical Committees 41 (pulleys and belts) and 101 (continuous mechanical handling products). In the Countrywide Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) publication, Motors and Generators (MG 1), Section 14.7 mentions flat belt pulleys.
Flat Belts Information

Flat belts are made for light-duty power tranny and high-overall performance conveying. They are best-suitable for applications with smaller sized pulleys and large central distances. Smooth belts can connect outside and inside pulleys and can come in both endless and jointed engineering. They have a higher power transmission performance, are affordable, and are simple to use and install.
Operation
The small bending cross-section of the toned belt causes tiny bending loss. The frictional engagement on the pulley external surface requires only a little cross-section and makes flat belts very flexible, resulting in negligible energy loss. A flat belt does not require grooves, minimizing the strength loss and use from the belt wedging in and taking out from the grooves.
Additional benefits of toned belts include energy financial savings, an extended service life of belts and pulleys, less down time and large productivity, and low noise generation from a simple belt operation. Toned belts could be installed just and securely. Belts are tensioned to the calculated first tension through basic calculating marks to be employed to the belt. There is a constant stress on the belt therefore the belt will not really must be re-tensioned.
A disadvantage of smooth belts is their reliance about belt tension to produce frictional grip over pulleys. This high belt tension required to transmit power sometimes shortens bearing existence. Another disadvantage is their failing to track properly since they have a tendency to climb towards the higher area of the pulley, which is why V-belts > have become in level of popularity. A V-belt can be a basic belt for power transmitting. They are usually endless in structure and their cross-section condition is trapezoidal, presenting it the identity V-belt. The V form of the belt tracks in a mating groove in the pulley so that the belt cannot slip off.
Construction
Three common designs of flat belts include:
Fabric ply belts contain a couple of plies or layers that are made of cotton or synthetic fiber, with or without rubber impregnation. The amount of plies determines the belt thickness that will help determine the minimal pulley diameter for the drive.
Fabric cord belts are constructed of multiple cords created from cotton or synthetic fibers such as rayon, nylon, plastic material, or Kevlar. They happen to be incased in rubber and protected with a fabric/runner covering. This kind is generally classed as a heavy-duty flat belt, used for high speeds, small pulley diameters, and shock loads. Steel cables may also be used because they have higher capacity and lower stretch than fabric cord flat belts.
Synthetic smooth belts are manufactured from nylon. Nylon presents flexibility, extremely large tensile power, and operates properly at large rim speeds. The belts are thin plus they may contain several plies of skinny nylon bonded along to form a hardcore but flexible toned belt.
Smooth belts generally have a traction coating manufactured from oriented polyamide with two covers of elastomer leather or textile material and one intermediate coating of textile on each area. The traction level absorbs the forces exerted on the belt when electricity is transmitted. The friction cover ensures that the peripheral pressure functioning on the belt pulleys can be transmitted to the belt and vice-versa.
Specifications
Specifications that are essential to consider include: belt type, belt width, and initial elongation. If any of these factors transform, the belt should be recalculated.
Power transmission belt materials types include polyester, aramide, and polyamide.
Polyester is the most common material because of it price-to-benefit ratio. It gives a versatile belt that can be utilized in a broad range of operating temperatures with low energy consumption, high flexibility, and reputable performance.
Aramide is a strong choice for longer belts because of the brief take-up and high accuracy for quantity of revolutions (RPM) and belt speed. It really is highly flexible, easy to join, has a high E-modulus, and low strength consumption.
Polyamide is reliable and has a long service your life. It can work in a variety of conditions and functions well in extreme environments with intermittent overload and excessive temperature ranges. Polyamide is shock tolerant and grooves enable high grip.
Belt width is simply the width of the belt. The tensile drive for 1% elongation per device of width after running-in (N/mm), k1% a.r.i., is the decisive value for calculating the mandatory belt width and the resulting shaft load after belt relaxation
Correct and adequate initial elongation is definitely a pre-requisite for trouble-free procedure of power transmission flat belts. The calculated original elongation (ε0) must be observed. In systems with a tensioning pulley, the pulley is placed on the slack side and pushes the belt to supply the mandatory initial elongation. In devices without a tensioning device the mandatory initial elongation depends upon reducing the length of the shortened belt length, which is the fabrication length. Always utilize the calculated first elongation supplied by the manufacture when setting up a belt.
When selecting a belt drive it is vital to consider the speeds of and power transmitted between drive and driven unit, suitable distance among shafts, and appropriate operating conditions.
The equation for power is:
Power (kw) = (torque in newton-meters) x (rpm) x (2∏ radians)/(60 sec x 1000W)
Applications
The power transmission flat belt can be used in many varieties of power transmission. It is referred to as a two pulley travel, consisting of a driving pulley, a powered pulley, and the belt. Here are examples of pulley design variations.
Flat belts could be customized for a variety of applications. Such configurations contain an incline to transport product to another level. Flat belts could also have a tracking sleeve under the system to make sure that the belt does not slip, or that the coefficient of friction can be adjusted to prevent slippage.
Standard applications include conveyors, compressors, machine tools, and additional heavy industrial equipment.
Standards
Flat belts must abide by certain standards and features to ensure proper design and features. JIS B 1852is definitely very important to pulleys for flat transmission belts and ISO 22 is employed to identify sizes and tolerances for smooth transmission belts and corresponding pulleys.